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Hydrodynamic cavitationLearn more
Five engagement models, each with a defined scope, named deliverables and a clear commercial basis.
Engagement models
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We design water and wastewater treatment around the effluent, not a catalogue. Hydrodynamic cavitation is our core technology for industrial wastewater, refinery effluent and produced water, integrated with advanced oxidation, membranes, reverse osmosis and desalination, from treatability test to a working plant.
CAC engineers hydrodynamic-cavitation (HC) systems as a compact, low-chemical advanced oxidation step for difficult industrial effluents. Pressurised wastewater is forced through a venturi or multi-hole orifice; the local pressure drops below the vapour pressure, vapour cavities form and then collapse violently as pressure recovers. Each collapse produces micro-jets, shock waves and localised hot-spots that split water into hydroxyl radicals, oxidising refractory organics, breaking oil emulsions and disinfecting, with the feed pump as the main energy input and oxidant dosing only where testing shows it pays back. Performance is effluent-specific: removal rates, pass number and energy demand are established in treatability and pilot testing, and confirmed in engineering, before any design or performance guarantee is issued.
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Indicative ranges, final values are established in treatability and pilot testing for each effluent
Refractory organics, colour, phenols, pesticides and pharmaceutical residues are oxidised by in situ hydroxyl radicals; biodegradability rises so downstream biological treatment performs better at lower load. Applied as pre-treatment, polishing or sludge disintegration in textile, chemical, pharmaceutical and food plants.
Refinery effluent (desalter water, sour water, spent caustic and oily drains) carries phenols, sulphides and stable hydrocarbon emulsions. HC placed ahead of the API / DAF / biological train oxidises phenols and sulphides and breaks emulsions, cutting chemical demand and protecting the biological unit from shock loads.
Produced water combines dispersed and dissolved oil, BTEX, organic acids, high salinity and production chemicals that stabilise emulsions. HC breaks polymer- and surfactant-stabilised emulsions and oxidises dissolved hydrocarbons, helping reinjection, reuse or discharge limits to be met with lower chemical demand and a compact footprint, including on skid-mounted units for field locations.
Collapsing cavities disperse and activate the oxidant while generating radicals of their own, so an AOP paired with HC can become more effective: in treatability tests, HC + HโOโ, HC + ozone, HC + Fenton / photo-Fenton and HC + UV have reached higher mineralisation at a reduced stand-alone chemical dose. The gain is effluent-specific; we select the pairing from treatability tests and size the hybrid train on measured kinetics.
Hydrodynamic cavitation is our core technology, but no effluent is solved by one unit operation. CAC engineers complete treatment trains, from intake and pre-treatment to advanced oxidation, membranes, desalination, reuse and zero liquid discharge, delivered as engineered, modular, installation-ready systems.
Conditioning the raw water so every downstream stage performs to design
Primary separation for oily, produced and industrial waters
Refractory organics, phenols, sulphides and emulsions that resist conventional treatment
Robust biodegradation of the load that oxidation makes treatable
Polishing, salt removal and high-purity water for process and reuse
Closing the loop: minimum discharge and responsible residuals
Each block is a technology we specify, size and integrate, with HC placed where it protects and relieves the rest of the plant.
| Water type | Typical challenge | Technology route CAC applies |
|---|---|---|
| Refinery effluent | Phenols, sulphides, spent caustic, stable emulsions, shock loads | Equalisation โ API/CPI โ HC (+ HโOโ) โ DAF โ MBBR/MBR โ polishing |
| Produced water | Dispersed & dissolved oil, BTEX, high TDS, production chemicals | Hydrocyclone / IGF โ HC โ nutshell filter โ UF โ RO or reinjection conditioning |
| Petrochemical & chemical | Refractory COD, solvents, low BOD/COD | HC + ozone / Fenton โ anaerobic + aerobic biology โ MBR โ reuse |
| Textile, pharmaceutical, food | Colour, micropollutants, high organic load, sludge | Screening โ HC + AOP โ SBR / MBBR โ UF โ reuse; HC sludge disintegration |
| Seawater & brackish | Salinity, scaling, biofouling, energy | Intake โ DAF/UF โ SWRO/BWRO with energy recovery โ remineralisation |
| Process & boiler water | Hardness, silica, conductivity limits | Softening โ RO โ EDI / mixed bed โ condensate polishing |
| Brine & ZLD | Discharge limits, high recovery targets | High-recovery RO โ evaporator โ crystalliser; salt and water recovery |
Same physics, bubble growth and collapse, delivered three ways and selected on flow rate, target contaminant and energy budget.
Our core technology for industrial flows: venturi, orifice and rotor-stator reactors driven by the process pump. Low chemical demand and minimal consumables in the HC step, with energy use measured in testing; scaled from a single skid to multi-train plants with parallel reactors.
Banks of industrial transducers (20โ40 kHz) in flow-through reactors, scaled in parallel modules and built into the plant to protect its most valuable assets: membrane trains, heat exchangers, cooling systems and intakes.
Hydrodynamic and ultrasonic cavitation combined in one reactor or in series, with or without an oxidant, for full-scale treatment of the most refractory effluents where a single technology is not enough.
From the first sample to a commissioned plant, as a study, an engineering package, a skid-mounted system or full EPC support.
Water balance, characterisation and technology evaluation, with conventional and advanced options compared on performance and cost.
Process design and multidisciplinary engineering of the treatment train, integrating the selected technologies into one system.
Modular fabrication, installation and commissioning support, then optimisation and technical support in operation.
Designed to international codes; discharge, reuse and reinjection limits verified on measured data.
Start with a technology and feasibility assessment: written findings and a recommended route, with no obligation.
Water security is becoming one of the defining challenges for industry and communities worldwide. Every application needs the right combination of conventional and advanced technologies, including hydrodynamic cavitation as a low-chemical advanced oxidation step, selected on evidence and integrated into one engineered system
We work with technology developers and specialist equipment manufacturers to identify, engineer and integrate the most appropriate treatment solution for each application, from the treatability test to the commissioned plant and the networks around it
Every scope is staffed from the same multidisciplinary team, so process, mechanical, piping, electrical, civil and control engineers work from one model and one design basis.
Discharge, reuse and reinjection limits are verified on measured data, never assumed
Representative scopes drawn from the work we take on
Bench treatability on the client's own effluent, followed by a skid-mounted cavitation and oxidation unit ahead of the existing biological plant
Separation, advanced oxidation and membrane polishing to bring produced water to reinjection or reuse quality
Reverse-osmosis plant with pre-treatment, antiscalant programme and brine management for an industrial site
Can't find your question? Send a short brief and an engineer will reply within one business day.
Ask an engineerOn evidence. We characterise the water, run treatability or pilot tests where needed and compare conventional, membrane and advanced-oxidation routes on performance, energy, chemical use and lifecycle cost before recommending one
Where effluent contains refractory organics, phenols, sulphides or stable emulsions, and a low-chemical oxidation step can reduce the load on downstream biology or membranes. Its performance is effluent-specific, which is why we confirm it by testing before design
Yes. A treatability programme on a representative sample is the first step of most water projects. Results define the reactor geometry, number of passes, oxidant demand and the expected removal, and are scaled to plant size through engineering calculation with agreed design margins
Either. We deliver studies, process and detailed engineering packages, skid-mounted modules fabricated with our partners, or technical support for a larger EPC delivery team
Yes. Most of our water work is integration, placing a new step where it protects and relieves what already exists, with tie-ins, hydraulics and controls designed to suit the operating plant
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